Gene expression profiling of human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) or mononuclear cells, have revealed robust gene expression changes that are detectable within two hours of an in vivo endotoxin challenge [ 3, 4].
Since the size of the genotype set associated with a given phenotype can be used as a proxy for the phenotype's robustness to genetic change [ 55, 57], those circuits with highly robust gene expression phenotypes can explore a greater variety of latent phenotypes.
Alphavirus-based replicons are a promising nucleic acid vaccine platform characterized by robust gene expression and immune responses.
Non-miRNA gene expression regulatory mechanisms also collaborate with miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) to support robust gene expression dynamics.
Thus, the strategic position and stabilization of mH2A nucleosomes in human promoters defines robust gene expression patterns.
As shown in Fig. 6a, TNFα supplementation in the media for 8 h induced robust gene expression levels of both c-FLIP and c-IAP, which were significantly downregulated by a 2-h pretreatment with H2O2, BCNU, or diamide.
This method permits robust gene expression profiling on single osteoblast lineage cells derived from mature bone, potentially from anatomically distinct sites.
These transcriptional modules contained evolutionary-conserved clusters of putative transcription factor binding sites that correspond to a "molecular signature" associated with robust gene expression in the heart.
Thus, this study shows that using a combined-serotype AAV carrying a 1740bp GFAP promoter results in successful, cell-type specific infection of the central nervous system, with robust gene expression in murine astrocytes.
As a promising alternative, the natural capacity of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to safely mediate persistent and robust gene expression has stimulated strong interest in adapting them for sparse neuronal labeling and physiological studies.
Of these delivery vehicles, biodegradable poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles yielded the best results, as they complexed with high levels of plasmid DNA (pDNA), allowed robust gene expression in hMSCs, and induced chondrogenesis.
