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RNAa (RNA activation) is a mechanism by which small dsRNA (double-stranded RNA), termed saRNA (small activating RNA), target promoter sequences to induce gene expression.
RNA activation (RNAa) is a transcriptional activation phenomena guided by double-strand RNA (dsRNA) targeting promoter region of target gene.
In fact, miR373 represents the first evidence that miRNAs targeting promoters can enhance the synthesis of RNA or RNA activation (RNAa) in a manner similar to that shown by small activating RNAs (saRNA).
They have discovered what they call RNA activation, or RNAa.
Whether RNA activation can be used for therapy remains to be seen.
Recent studies have reported that chemically synthesized double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), also known as small activating RNA (saRNAs), can specifically induce gene expression by targeting promoter sequences by a mechanism termed RNA activation (RNAa).
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Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that cytoplasmic TRIM32 in neuroblasts of the PRMS initiates differentiation/maturation via micro-RNA activation, while the differentiation process is finalized in neuroblasts of the distal RMS and young neurons of the OB through TRIM32 translocation to the nucleus.
Although the precise role of miR-155 in promoting B cell lymphomagenesis is unclear, Dorsett et. al [22] studied the interaction miR-155/AID-RNA (activation-induced cytidine deaminase) after finding AID expression was 1.6 fold increased in miR-155-deficient B cells.
In order to evaluate the respective roles of ATP and RNA in activation of the RIG-I RNA complex, we measuRIG-I RNAicomplex constant for ATP (Km,ATP) at saturating RNA (500 nM) and the Michaelis constant for RNA (Km,RNA) at saturating ATP (5 mM) for each RNA construct (kcat, Km,ATP and Km,RNA summary in supplementary Table S4 online).
Depletion of RPS9 provoked a rapid loss of the nucleolar protein pool, impaired production of mature 18S ribosomal RNA and activation of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway.
Given RelA's ability to induce Sox9 expression in Slug MO injected embryos (see above), we examined RelA's effect on Sox9 RNA levels; activation of RelA led to an increase Sox9 RNA levels even in the presence of emetine (FIG. 7C).
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