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However this approach again risks selection bias as some individuals may be missed, included in error or misclassified.
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We used PCR because cluster randomization risked selection bias and individual randomization risked contamination.
Retrospective data collection carries particular risks of selection bias and incomplete ascertainment of comparable clinical data.
Limitations include the risks of selection bias and loss to follow-up during 1.5 years of data collection.
Thus, the risk of selection bias was minimized, and well-known risk factors could be taken into account.
Therefore, a minimum risk of selection bias was expected in the selected studies as a result of allocation concealment.
In observational studies, there is the inherent risk of selection bias if the ideal patients are selected for these procedures.
Short-term effects on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and psychological distress were significant in studies with low risk of selection bias but not in studies with unclear or high risk of selection bias.
Low participation rate increases risk of selection bias.
Both studies used a blinded computer-based randomization system, hence having low risk for selection bias.
As only patients with complete datasets were included, this infers the risk of selection bias.
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