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We think there is much uncertainty due to re-bid risk, volume risk on a number of contracts including [Australia's] Department of Immigration and Citizenship and an ongoing UK government audit and review.
All treatment modalities delivered approximately the same doses and the same levels of dose heterogeneity to each planning target volume (PTV), although the minimum PTV doses in the vertebral plans were substantially lower than the prescription, because of the requirement that the plans meet a strict constraint on the dose to the spinal cord and cord planning risk volume (PRV).
This is the planning organ at risk volume (PRV).
This leads, in analogy with the PTV, to the concept of planning organ at risk volume (PRV).
The planning organ at risk volume (PRV) was margined with 5 mm to the OAR as with the PTV margin.
Radical surgery, external beam radiotherapy, or interstitial radiotherapy can cause serious harm because they treat the whole prostate regardless of risk, volume, or location of the cancer.
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In order to increase local tumour control by radiotherapy without increasing toxicity, it appears promising to harness functional imaging (FI) to guide dose to sub-volumes of the target with a high tumour load and perhaps de-escalate dose to low risk volumes, in order to maximise the efficiency of the deposited radiation dose.
The corresponding planning risk volumes (PRV) are defined as OAR plus a 3 mm safety margin.
The main problem persists however; the extent and position of the target and organs at risk volumes are based on information from different imaging techniques and these often give different answers.
The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Report 62 (ICRU-62) defined planning organ-at-risk volume (PRV) to account for positional uncertainties for normal tissues.
An intermediate-risk volume (CTV60) will be defined to include the entire tumor bed.
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