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Prior to the volcanic crisis Monserrat was poorly integrated in regional and international risk governance systems.
This paper demonstrates how disasters can create spaces for existing risk governance systems to be questioned and modified.
Montserrat and UK risk governance systems are more integrated now, but unless communities are engaged in risk management decisions, Montserrat's low- risk development model could come unstuck.
Disaster risk governance systems are highly sensitive to rates, durations and frequencies of disaster events and changes in the system often occur as a result of these events as well as in response to other external pressures.
Programs such as the Integrated Risk Governance Project4 of the ICSU Future Earth program emerged to respond to the strong interest in improved risk governance systems expressed by UN member states in the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction.
Similarly, for disaster risk governance systems, we can expect disasters to alter components of the system, at least temporarily – whether perturbations are low-intensity but frequent or singular, high-intensity events.
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Without appropriate "means of implementation," that is a risk governance system, a framework would not be expected to lead to changes in disaster risk reduction outcomes.
Despite its financial dependency on the UK, improvements in DRM policy and organisational structures owe more to Montserrat's insertion in the regional disaster risk governance system.
However, empowered local scale communities in a pluralistic and multilevel risk governance system can push back against top-down decisions from larger scale groups and entities.
In Montserrat this has been partly achieved through greater integration into the regional risk governance system and via the establishment of an economically dependent but politically autonomous system of co-governance with the UK.
Although local capacity to assess risk and implement risk reduction measures is still limited by lack of human and technical resources, Montserrat is now better integrated into a regional disaster risk governance system that can offer this support and advice.
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