The ring information is considered auxiliary with different algorithms utilised for a specific use-case.
If atom types consisting of the element, the number of heavy-atom neighbours, the number of hydrogens, the isotope and ring information are used these fingerprints are called extended-connectivity (EC) fingerprints.
Extended-connectivity fingerprints (ECFPs) [53] encode properties including chemical element, number of heavy-atom neighbours, number of hydrogens, and isotope and ring information, whereas functional connectivity fingerprints (FCFPs) [53] encode pharmacophoric features related to ligand-binding.
Tree ring information has been used as a proxy for constructing historical salmon abundances at multiple watersheds with riparian zone stand chronologies and nearby salmon-free controls [ 18] and at the regional level in climate-sensitive series [ 40], both with some success.
We determined the Sholl variables, defined as the average total axonal length in 100 µm concentric rings (Supporting Information Fig. 8A; Supporting Information Table 3).
The number and size of the rings carry information, in Shannon's sense, about the history of the tree and its circumstances.
The smoke rings turn information into a more tangible (though still fleeting) format. .
Furthermore, addition of TGX221 to cultures with mature osteoclasts inhibited bone resorption and led to rapid disassembly of preexisting actin rings (further information is available at semmelweis.hu/elettan/en/?p=664).
Research engagement rings and information about diamonds.
In the last step, the ring connectivity information was removed completely, distinguishing the ring topologies only by ring count.
