These results indicated that without direct background selection, no further increases in %RGC were obtained during pseudo-backcrossing, whereas rigorous foreground marker-assisted selection tended to reduce linkage drag during pseudo-backcrossing.
Four resistance donors with five target genes (Sub1A-C, xa5, Xa21, TPS and SSIIa) and three QTLs (qBph3, qBL1 and qBL11) were backcrossed individually using markers into the pseudo-recurrent parent 'PinK3' via one cycle of backcrossing followed by two cycles of pseudo-backcrossing and three selfings with rigorous foreground marker-assisted selection.
Markers located at the most distal positions of the map do not have flanking markers anymore to allow rigorous inspection of marker order.
The expression of SSEA3, a more rigorous pluripotency cell surface marker, was increased and became more homogeneous after NANOG elevation (Figs. 5G and S3).
However, as we have seen, some of these methods fall short on specificity, such as antibodies specific for oxLDL, and any new antibody-based marker requires rigorous testing for specificity and sensitivity.
Our results argue that as soon as the clinical efficacy of ganetespib will be tested in a large cohort of CRC patients, this opportunity should be seized to evaluate UGT1A levels as a resistance marker, applying rigorous assessment according to the REMARK criteria.
A consensus has arisen that these discrepancies are most likely due to the lack of a rigorous definition of the markers used for Treg identification as well as to technical differences in Treg isolation.
The natural history of breast cancer means that rigorous evaluation of prognostic markers for 'early' disease requires complete follow-up of substantial numbers of fully documented patients over very long periods.
These observations underscore the need to identify determinants of breast cancer sensitivity to inhibitors of PDK-1 through the rigorous analysis of multiple markers, which would include PTEN mutation status, HER2 gene amplification, PI3KCA mutational status, and levels of P-Akt and phosphorylated S6K (or gene amplification tests for the relevant genes).
