Departing from most papers in the literature, we employ a richer specification with the vector of exogenous covariates X t encompassing five variables.
Thus, in this richer specification – allowing for leads and for longer lags – there is little evidence that the spatial heterogeneity controls that ADR used actually make much difference.
Finally, in a richer specification that includes leads and lags of minimum wages, prompted by specifications that ADRZ report, it is not even clear that the spatial heterogeneity controls that ADR used have much effect on the minimum wage effects estimated from the standard panel data model with fixed time and state effects.
In formal methods, rich specifications, such as languages and formulae of temporal logics, are checked against simple models of software programs and digital circuits, such as finite transition graphs.
At the same time, estimation of richer specifications prompted by some of the analyses presented by ADRZ undermines the conclusion that, for teens, including local controls reduces the estimated employment effect of the minimum wage.
In both cases, the results are consistent with richer specifications.
Additional data and a richer model specification could further enhance the value of these models.
The richer the specification, the more complex will be the developer's job of describing the composition in the first place, to the point where specifying the composition could eventually take the same effort as writing the composition itself.
In our opinion, however, these control structures would require much richer composition specifications than the basic input/output approach.
Mtr.1137.1.S1_s_at is an ortholog of CLAVATA1, the leucine-rich RLK responsible for specification of the SAM through interaction with the CLAVATA3 peptide.
