Reactions can be reversible, and are sometimes split into forward and reverse reactions during steady-state and flux balance analysis.
The biochemical processes induced by enzymes fall into broad classifications, such as hydrolysis, decomposition (or "splitting"), synthesis, and hydrogenation-dehydrogenation; as with catalysts in general, enzymes are active for both forward and reverse reactions.
In a buffered media, both the forward and reverse reactions are pseudo-first order.
It is often assumed that the forward and reverse reactions are sufficiently fast that an equilibrium between dissolved and bound oxygen occurs effectively instantaneously [37].
k+0 and k-0 are the microscopic rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions, [S] and [Hg] are the concentrations of the substrate and inhibitor.
Using in vitro, cellular, and in crystallo approaches, we demonstrated that Tyr105 is key for the fine-tuning of the kinetic activity efficiencies of the forward and reverse reactions.
Limited proteolytic digestion was employed to provide additional support for formation of the dead end complex and to estimate the Kd values for substrates of both the forward and reverse reactions.
Sequence forward and reverse reactions were run on a 3100 automated Capillary DNA Sequencer (PE Applied Biosystems).
Sequencing of the 16S rRNA PCR products resulted in clear, clean sequence traces for both forward and reverse reactions from sample 2 and 3.
Minimum-energy pathways were obtained for both the forward and reverse reactions, and the enthalpy difference between the transition and reactant states found to be 32 kcal/mol.
Thus while both the forward and reverse reactions are significantly slower for the mutant enzyme than the WT enzyme, the differences in binding affinity and catalytic efficiency for the two substrates imply that the mutation at D211 affects different steps in the forward and reverse reactions and can have a strong influence on the internal equilibrium between these two competing reactions.
