To compare the results under different transient conditions, this study proposes two indicators, i.e., the influential time (IT, the time required for the HZ to return to its initial state once it starts to change) and the influential depth (ID, the maximum increment in the HZ depth).
An elastic material is one that tends to return to its initial state after the removal of a deforming force.
After the first heating, the actuator did not return to its initial state within 3000 s.
After one cycle the TPE and the TKE will return to its initial state.
Once the actuation is removed, the structure remains in its buckled configuration for a period of time, before quickly returning to its initial state.
After actuation, the system automatically returns to its initial state as temperatures decrease, without the need for intervention by reactor operators.
If the primary unit is restored before the backup has failed, then the system's perspective no failure has occurred and the system returns to its initial state.
(a) No tension applied, (b) a 150 Vrms tension applied (f = 1 kHz), (c) the tension is cut, the drop returns to its initial state.
Liquids with high viscosity required a long retraction time (i.e., the time taken by the liquid to return to its initial state) for the residual liquid at the end of the nozzle after pinch-off.
If the fluctuation grows in amplitude so that the flow never returns to its initial state, we say that the flow is unstable with respect to fluctuations of that type.
