In 845 Emperor Wuzong of Tang finally shut down 4,600 Buddhist monasteries along with 40,000 temples and shrines, forcing 260,000 Buddhist monks and nuns to return to secular life; this episode would later be dubbed one of the Four Buddhist Persecutions in China.
Some monks leave one order for another, or even return to secular life during this time.
Decades later, after experiencing (or faking) psychotic episodes, he returned to secular life as a professional artist.
Céline, having returned to secular life, is befriended by Yassine (Yassine Salime), a young Arab layabout who lives with his older brother, Nassir (Karl Sarafidis), in the projects on the fringe of Paris.
He became identified with the San Francisco poetry renaissance of the Beat movement of the 1950s, and after 1957 he published most of his poetry as Brother Antoninus; in 1969 he returned to secular life and married for a third time.
A naturally open and generous person, he talks with the energy of a convivial monk who has just returned to secular life, after some clerical error at the Vatican condemned him to spend a decade as a member of a silent order.
He concedes it's hard to divorce his return to secular music from current events.
Although the sacred retains its dynamism by becoming related to secular life, there is the constant danger that it will lose itself in the secular, unless specifically religious forms of life are preserved.
Since returning to secular music, Mr. Guerra has won 10 Grammys and toured with U2, the Rolling Stones and Sting.
Recognizing this challenge, "All Things Shining" offers a model for how to give meaning to a secular life.
But two months later, in May 1997, Monsignor Loomis then wrote to Cardinal Mahony suggesting that Mr. Miller could seek to serve as a priest in Mexico through a "benevolent bishop" or return to California and "begin a secular life," and live "somewhere that would minimize potential contact with those involved in his situation".
