All operations were performed with third-generation cementing techniques (distal femoral cement restrictor, pulsatile lavage, retrograde cement application via gun, and cement pressurization with a proximal femoral silicon seal).
We suggest the unique application of retrograde intramedullary nailing with condyle screw and nut for the treatment of specific, complex cases of femoral medial condyle fracture.
Thereby antegrade and retrograde refer to the route of application: antegrade application follows anatomical routes and normal coronary circulation via insertion of a cardioplegia line into the aortic root below the aortic cross-clamp, whereas retrograde perfusion is achieved via direct intubation of the coronary sinus.
Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) is a therapeutic technique developed as an advanced application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
Modes of application range from antegrade versus retrograde versus antegrade plus retrograde, intermittent versus single shot, cold (with or without additional warm induction) versus warm.
The colocalization of Cy3 and the retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG), following FG application to the superior colliculus, confirmed that siRNA was rapidly taken up by RGCs.
The increased pressure at P5 due to this retrograde turbulent flow was enhanced by the application of a nonocclusive pump (Table 1).
Randomized clinical prospective study to evaluate the application of MTA and IRM as retrograde sealers in surgical endodontics.
Biodentine is a calcium-silicate based material that has drawn attention in recent years and has been advocated to be used in various clinical applications, such as root perforations, apexification, resorptions, retrograde fillings, pulp capping procedures, and dentine replacement.
The model predicts that decreasing either or both anterograde or retrograde signals should increase cell length, and this prediction was confirmed upon application of siRNAs for specific kinesin and/or dynein heavy chains in adult sensory neurons.
