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In this work, we demonstrate portable self-retracting TENG (PSR-TENG) that can harvest mechanical energy through extraction and retraction process.
The combination of stacking and fluttering motion during the extraction and retraction process generates multiple power peaks in a single input.
Cross-sections made from plan-view transmission electron microscopy samples revealed that this was related to ridge formation during the retraction process.
Retraction process can also be clearly classified into two parts based on the profile of load depth curve in Fig. 2.
Figure 5 Atomic configurations of Cu substrate during the second part of retraction process at different depth: a η = −1.56 nm, b η = −3.5 nm.
If we assume the mass of the flake to be small, it is possible to depict the retraction process as a series of quasi-static steps.
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Twinning faults are observed in Cu substrate both during the indentation and retraction processes.
Growth and retraction processes of single branches are decreased to an average of 3 μm within 5 min and the dynamics show strikingly reduced variability between individual branches.
The evidence suggests that FPR involvement in the pseudopod-retraction process is not limited to cell surface regions with the highest fluid shear stress, but rather a more global occurrence over the majority of the cell membrane.
However, in a previous report, our lab showed that CagA-induced cell elongation in cultured human gastric cells results from a failure of cell retraction, a process typically modulated by Rho activity at the trailing edge [8], [9].
TFP are also capable of rapid retraction, a process which is associated with twitching motility and the ability of bacteria to migrate across solid surfaces.
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