Gene duplication is prevalent in plant genomes and the duplicated genes face different evolutionary fates, including pseudogenization (nonfunctionalization), retention of the original function, subfunctionalization, and neofunctionalization under the functional view [ 18- 25].
Retention of the ancestral function by one of the duplicated genes and acquisition of a novel function by the other [ 7, 8] may result in phenotypic changes despite the high genetic redundancy in the soybean genome.
Although this situation appears to be unusual, functional diversification of protein with the retention of the ancestral function by a relocated duplicated gene has previously been reported in a bacterial system (Ponomarev et al. 2003).
Such differences could be suggestive of possible neofunctionalization events in one gene copy with retention of the ancestral function in the more conserved, slower evolving copy.
However, it has been established that a number of mutations allow the retention of APC function and regulation of the activity of β-catenin in CRC cells despite mutation in APC (35, 46, 48).
The discrepancy, between retention of cone function in the optokinetic response and loss of cone signals in the ERG, may be due to differential processing of cone information or mutation-dependent changes in the retinal circuits responsible for the OKR and ERG.
The job of any doctor, Bludau later told me, is to support quality of life, by which he meant two things: as much freedom from the ravages of disease as possible, and the retention of enough function for active engagement in the world.
Duplication allows "neofunctionalization" or the retention of ancestral function by one gene and the origin of new functions by the second gene.
Multiple corpora lutea were detected in two rabbits, and serial follicular and luteal dynamics in these two rabbits were used to document the consistency of UBM and the retention of ovarian function after surgery.
Of note, a recent study attributed the retention of Rb function in colorectal cancer cells to its ability to repress E2F-1-dependent inactivation of β-catenin signalling.
