Sentence examples for retarded evolution from inspiring English sources

Reduction of phylogenetic signal with respect to the best-performing PCGs can be explained in terms of three different processes/properties: a) accelerated evolution; b) retarded evolution; and c) possession of an intrinsically lower phylogenetic signal.

It also means we are fragmenting our development efforts, potentially retarding the evolution of our libraries and toolkits.

An optimized blend of surfactants and electrolytes can significantly retard defect evolution due to molecular bridging.

It was postulated that partial resistance would retard the evolution of pathogens and thus increase the durability of resistance [ 24, 61].

Thus if any fitness costs are associated with SP15 resistance, they are unlikely to be of sufficient magnitude to retard the evolution of resistance.

Cycling pesticides has been proposed as a means of retarding the evolution of resistance, but its efficacy has rarely been empirically tested.

Models have shown that, in the absence of pleiotropic costs of resistance, cycling may not retard resistance evolution (Diggle et al. 2003; Bergstrom et al. 2004; Roux et al. 2008).

The reference crop for 'productivity' was cotton that was not sprayed for Helicoverpa (hereafter 'unsprayed'), and modeling indicated that this refuge set at 10% of the area of the Bt crop should be adequate to retard the evolution of resistance.

The fitness costs of resistance to phages adding to those of antibiotic resistance may cause some antibiotic-resistant genotypes to grow very slowly, and thus retard the evolution of antibiotic resistance.

In theory, a two-gene transgenic crop is predicted to be significantly more robust than a single-gene transgenic crop in retarding the evolution of resistance because the rare insect that is resistant to one toxin will be killed by the second (Roush 1998; Zhao et al. 2005).

While substantial research has validated the efficacy of the noctuid moth 'attracticide' (reviewed in Gregg et al. 2010), further work is necessary to establish if it will assist in retarding the evolution of resistance and be assigned a role in resistance management.