Responses do differ, however, for the social interaction and interests and psychomotor retardation items.
However, responses for the social interaction and interests and psychomotor retardation items did differ.
Factor analysis showed three interpretable domains: (1) retardation items (52% of variance), (2) agitation items (15% of variance), and (3) noninteractiveness (5% of variance).
The mean combined score on the HDRS-17 agitation and retardation items in the DSM-IV melancholia group scoring 0 to 10 on the CORE was 1.0, whereas for the group scoring 15 to 31 it was 3.0, the HDRS-17 total scores for these two groups being, respectively, 25.9 (range 16 29) and 29.1 (range 22 32).
Factor analysis suggested a three-factor solution: the first factor, including all items, accounted for 60% of the cumulative variance; the second factor was composed of SRRS items 1 to 5, which are motor retardation items; the third factor was composed of items which grade subjective experience of retardation and is influenced by anxiety.
Other efficacy measures assessed in all studies included HAMD17 subscales: anxiety/somatization (Items 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, and 17), Maier (Items 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, and 10), retardation (Items 1, 7, 8, and 14), and sleep (Items 4, 5, and 6); the CGI-S scale; and the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale [ 46].
The second factor (factor II) was composed of 4 items: confusion (item 11), psychomotor retardation (item 12), indecisiveness (item 16) and fatigue (item 10).
Patients with sensory perceptions achieved higher scores on agitation (item 9), t 304) = 1.96, p =.05; and retardation (item 8), t 304) = 2.34, p =.02, as well as the corresponding PHQ-9 item 8 (retardation/agitation), t 354) = 3.16, p =.002.
In English, the third and fourth response options for the psychomotor retardation item reads: "I have felt clearly slowed down or subdued or have been talking much less than usual," and "I have hardly been talking at all or feel extremely slowed down at the time".
A number of studies have focused on the level of agreement between residents and caregivers; for example, Schreiner and Morimoto 3 and Amuk et al 8 found little agreement between residents and caregivers for the items "retardation" and "mood-congruent delusion" in either depressed or nondepressed residents.
Sugawara M and colleagues found a similar grouping of ZSDS items (confusion, psychomotor retardation and indecisiveness) in a sample of women during pregnancy and the post-partum period [ 12].
