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Finally, 62% of the retained observations indicated car as their habitual mode, with the remaining 38% using bus.
Bivariate means comparison tests identified no differences in the means of the key indicators between the excluded and retained observations, suggesting that cases were missing at random.
The number of retained observations corresponds to the sum of treated and control units (660 + 1203) in the respective rows and columns of Table 5 in the Appendix.
We calculated prediction errors by subtracting retained observations from the model predictions.
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One of the most powerful advantages of the RPART procedure is its ability to retain observations with partially missing data [ 45].
After excluding 9 additional cases with missing values of covariates, we retained 4842 observations in the analysis below.
While using the same datasets in the fully observed case, we only retain the observations corresponding to mRNA, P and P2.
Six-digit postal codes were used for all observations retained in the dataset, and those without appropriate postal codes were removed.
We constructed a mean total social capital score based on a minimum of six items to maximise the number of items and observations retained while preserving scale associations with related variables.
Because the imputed nondetectable values are all random draws based on the estimated bivariate normal distribution, the correlation between the repeated measures in a longitudinal study is retained, even with observations < LOD.
Although cDNA data sets like ours are possibly biased for short retained introns, other observations, not directly based on cDNA data, support the notion that such introns are short ([ 6, 21] and see Additional file 2: Lengths of retained introns and flanking exons).
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