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The cancer stem cell hypothesis predicts that the chemotherapy-resistant ALDHhigh cells should retain stem cell activity.
The 'central cells' were more likely to retain stem cell capacity compared with the 'border cells'.
At least some of their progeny has to retain stem cell function in order to maintain the stem cell pool.
TERT is expressed in normal hematopoietic stem cells; thus, these findings are consistent with the notion that both CD34+ and CD34− B-ALL blasts retain stem cell function.
If, as speculated above, these CSCs originate from ductal progenitors, they probably retain stem cell properties of their ancestors throughout the differentiation and oncogenic transformation process.
In rodents, it remains controversial whether stem cell capacity resides exclusively in the As pool, or a fraction thereof, or whether Apair cells also retain stem cell activity.
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We furthermore observed that HSPCs treated with UNC0638, a G9a/GLP small molecular inhibitor, better retain stem cell-like phenotypes and function during in vitro expansion and increased expression of lineage-affiliated genes and certain gene clusters, suggestive of changes in regulation of chromatin structure [ 6].
Presence of cells that remain undivided for several cell cycles suggests that stem cells in hydra share at least one characteristic of cell cycle regulation with mammalian stem cells, namely the ability to retain stem cells in slow-cycling state.
That study demonstrated that label-retaining mammary epithelial cells are stem cells and that their progeny (transitional cells) are arranged as transitional units, and also demonstrated that both cells express Zonula Occludens-1 and α-catenin proteins, data suggesting that transitional units retain stem cells.
However, the proportion of undifferentiated colonies in the presence of active Akt is lower when compared to culture in the presence of LIF alone, suggesting that not every differentiated cell is capable of retaining stem cell like characteristics when exposed to active Akt in the absence of LIF [24].
This results in tumors that are driven by a cellular subcomponent that retains stem cell properties.
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