Despite of the formation of secondary energy minimum, the bacteria deposited in the primary energy minimum can be retained stably and contributes to the irreversible attachment.
Other open reading frames homologous to those of Shigella spp. in stx-flanking regions in E. coli have been described, and it is likely that E. coli and the shigellae have exchanged stx many times in their evolutionary past but only certain strains, such as 229/11, have the appropriate genomic background to retain and stably express Stx (9 ).
FISH analysis and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that all of these clones retained iHAC stably and independently from host chromosomes and consistently expressed four exogenous transgenes, constructed in the iHAC, as well as an EGFP gene.
Finally, in vitro diffusional tests proved that the collagen scaffolds could stably retain the microcapsules over long incubation time in Tris HCl buffer at 37 °C without undergoing morphological changes, thus confirming their suitability for tissue engineering applications.
In summary, our results suggest that heparin microparticles stably retain large amounts of bioactive BMP-2 for prolonged periods of time, and that presentation of BMP-2 via heparin microparticles can elicit cell responses comparable to soluble BMP-2 treatment.
Through mass action, high levels of Adr1 may be able to recruit and stably retain more coactivators than it would at wild-type levels.
The derivation of androgenetic and parthenogenetic mouse embryonic fibroblast (PMEF) lines that stably retain the parent-of-origin pattern of imprinted gene expression has been previously described.
Wild-type and sac3 cells were able to stably retain the plasmid and grow in the absence of uracil with or without galactose.
In addition, cells could be cultured and transplanted into other host animals to determine whether they stably retain differential characteristics that contribute to metastatic potential.
Specifically, basal, ductal and stem-like cancer cell populations were isolated from two different breast cancer cell-lines indicating that established cell lines can stably retain intratumoural heterogeneity.
