Similar to the 30-day results, pre-existing AF was associated with a pronounced increase in mortality among individuals aged 15 55 years (adjusted RR 1.34, 95%% CI 1.06 1.69), whereas this was not the case in the older patients.
As a result, pre-existing data are often used for validation.
If poor condition results from pre-existing deleterious mutations, the result is "fitness-dependent mutation rate," which has interesting theoretical implications.
Several studies have shown that abnormal intrapartum fetal heart rate patterns are the results from pre-existing fetal brain damage.
Further, our results confirm pre-existing knowledge, suggesting that treated cases show higher levels of alcohol and health problems than their untreated counterparts.
Despite these limitations, previous studies of similar populations 2 23 26–29 37 enabled the understanding and interpretation of the results using pre-existing knowledge.
Although we could not track individual fish weight over time (i.e. we did not measure weight before the experimental treatment), we think it is highly unlikely that we accidentally produced our results by pre-existing bias.
In the region, stable heterosexual relationships are an important source of ongoing HIV transmission [ 2, 3] resulting from pre-existing discordancy or as a result of extra-marital sex [ 4].
Decreased platelet production in the bone marrow can result from pre-existing conditions or from the inhibitory effect of pathogen toxins, drugs or inflammatory mediators on haematopoiesis.
Other causes of false-positive result include pre-existing ascites, intra-peritoneal fluid collection due to ruptured ovarian cyst, or pelvic inflammatory disease [18].
Successful efforts to create more redistributive welfare states are always contested, not the spontaneous result of pre-existing feelings of enhanced solidarity, and so depend on the contingent balance of power.
