Apatites restricted spreading and promoted the extension of cellular projections along the textured surfaces under confocal microscopy observation.
Despite being well poised to flow through the brain, PrDs display somewhat restricted spreading rather than affecting the entire brain to give rise to what would be classified as a single disease.
In contrast, temperature is unlikely to restrict spread of most tropical invaders.
The spreading of pathology is likely controlled by a combination of opposing factors that facilitate or restrict spread.
Type II resistance restricts spread of the fungus in infected tissue and is measured by the number of spikelets infected in a spike beyond an initial inoculated infection site on the spike.
Intracellular factors might also restrict spreading, such as restriction of PrP synthesis, interactions of PrP with intracellular molecules, modifications to PrP such as glycosylation or cleavage (Goh et al., 2007; Haigh et al., 2009; Kuczius and Kelsch, 2013; Moleres and Velayos, 2007), reuptake of misfolded PrP from the cell surface, or restricted production of exosomes or nano-tubes.
Taking all these results into consideration, BMP-2 lines enhance cell adhesion, restrict spreading, and increase type II and VI collagen expression.
Silencing broadly affects the expression of genes neighboring the transposons, and Maelstrom restricts spreading of the repressive histone mark.
Extracellular factors that might restrict spreading include physical barriers created by the dense mass of various cell types or perineuronal nets, extracellular chaperones or proteases, or engulfment by native phagocytic cells (micro- or astroglia).
In comparison, our results suggest that sterols, clathrin, DRP1A and ARF1-type GTPases mediate KNOLLE internalization to restrict spreading of this syntaxin to lateral membranes of late cytokinetic cells in Arabidopsis.
7) Quarantine and isolation procedures and contact tracing need to be instituted early in the outbreak, and access to hospitals treating such patients needs to be restricted to limit spread into the community.
