By this action, P-gp restricts penetration of its substrates into the brain.
One potential mechanism by which matrix material increases biofilm resistance is via restricting penetration of the drug through the biofilm.
Nevertheless, neurotrophins themselves share poor pharmacokinetic profiles, mainly because of their sensitivity to proteolysis, restricted penetration of the blood brain barrier, and limited ability to diffuse in tissues, factors that all hamper their use as drugs.
Factors that have been considered to be responsible for the increased resistance to antibiotics in bacterial biofilms include restricted penetration of antimicrobials caused by the exopolymeric material (EP) (14 ).
Studies have shown that both the protein expression and function of ABCG2 are up-regulated in neuro-epithelial tumors, restricting penetration of chemotherapeutics and leading to the development of MDR.
Furthermore, CHG, as with other antiseptic preparations exhibits restricted penetration through the skin; our previous studies demonstrate that CHG from aqueous and alcoholic [70% (v/v) isopropyl alcohol (IPA)] solutions poorly penetrate the full thickness skin to the deeper skin layers [ 2, 3].
This manuscript briefly outlines the reasons that restrict wind penetration in diesel-based electricity systems and reviews estimates and examples of autonomous and interconnected power systems.
It is widely accepted that the human ATP binding cassette transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) are working in concert in order to restrict brain penetration of certain drugs.
But the crystalline domains of PVdF restrict the penetration of liquid electrolytes and the movement of lithium ions from between the electrodes during charging and discharging which show low ionic conductivity.
In this case, high bulk density coupled with low organic carbon in soils of cultivated land may restrict root penetration and air supply to plant roots due to compacting effect.
