Some of those able to find work were affected by the "peg-down" phenomenon: each job they found was at a slightly lower level of responsibility and skill than the one before, rendering them unable to take advantage of skills previously acquired.
Another would be to encourage employers, as Canada does, to ensure through their own policies that jobs that require equal responsibility and skill are valued equally, even if one has traditionally paid less than the other.
In the US, child care is low-wage work, with pay that does not match the responsibility and skills of the workforce (Whitebook et al. 2016; National Survey of Early Care and Education Project Team 2013).
In industrialised countries that have valid task lists for each job, job analysis is widely used as a systematic way to describe jobs and to classify them according to characteristics such as knowledge, responsibility and skills.
Despite the fact that women entrepreneurs contribute to economic growth, several issues have been identified to affect the advance of business for women entrepreneurs in SSA, including market access, initial capital, unequal distribution of responsibility, and skills in business (Rutashobya and Nchimbi 1999; Magesa et al. 2013).
McKenna, a former principal, said that in certain situations, for example, a student who works in the school's office can learn responsibility and skills that could help land a job.
Nurses will need to be trained to take on the additional responsibility and skills required for nurse-led AS/AM.
Such a framework should cover the whole range of career possibilities in various sectors, describe ways of moving among them, and outline responsibilities and skill requirements for each position.
There's never a place for strife, gossip or personal attacks, but serious discernment on issues of behavior, performance, quality, responsibility, stewardship and skill are absolutely necessary.
So there's a sort of blending of responsibilities and skills that once essentially belonged to specific professions but are now all mixing together.
Within one ministry there could be great variation in pay rates for jobs requiring largely identical responsibilities and skills, based on what the factory was producing, the location of the factory and other factors that Moscow considered important.
