Participant fatigue or irritation may decrease accuracy of responses, introduce non-response or even cause the interview to be terminated.
The small number of impressive objective responses introduces the major outstanding question: what differentiates responders from nonresponders?
In Fig. 4A, we see that a statin-like pharmaceutical intervention comparable to the immune-led responses introduces a profile of flux with a significantly different shape to that of the immune led response.
McEwen and co-workers [ 6, 7] describe a similar model with more emphasis on physiological responses, introducing the concept of allostatic load (i.e., the physiological result of chronic exposure to stress).
The pivotal role of FUS3 in regulating hormone levels and responses introduces another dimension to understanding the transitions of leaf identity that occur throughout the plant's life cycle.
Under the reforms to humanitarian response introduced in the early 2000s, there is a broad international institutional commitment to education in emergencies (Davies and Talbot 2008).
This specific functional response covers various types of incidence rate including the traditional bilinear incidence rate, the saturated incidence rate, the Beddington DeAngelis functional response introduced in [16, 17], and the Crowley Martin functional response presented in [18].
Until very recently, both ecologists and mathematicians chose to base their studies on the Beddington-DeAngelis (denoted by B-D) functional response introduced by Beddington [9] and DeAngelis [10].
In the Senate, Robert Menendez (D-NJ) and Patrick Leahy (D-VT) introduced a strong comprehensive immigration reform bill; Orrin Hatch (R-UT), in response, introduced a bill whose enforcement-only policies look suspiciously similar to the status quo.
Because of disappointingly low response rates, an intensive tracing study was undertaken to try to assess whether non-response introduced irremediable bias; its results were not damning.
