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Given this emphasis on public participation's positive influence on personal responsibility, the similarity between the ascription of responsibility beliefs of response professionals and laypeople in our study seems to contradict expectations.
Statistically, both response professionals and laypeople assign responsibility for their personal safety and provision of resources in a similar manner (Fig. 3).
Fig. 3 Responsibility ascribed to various entities by response professionals and laypeople for safety and resources.
Fig. 4 Self-efficacy ratings by response professionals and laypeople.
Response professionals express greater perceived self-efficacy than laypeople.
Fig. 2 Confidence in officials by response professionals and laypeople.
The fact that response professionals and laypeople foster similar household preparedness levels has implications for previous studies of response professionals.
Training programs often introduce response professionals to the concept of household preparedness, yet to date, the household preparedness behaviors and personal beliefs of response professionals remain largely unstudied.
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Based on chi-square tests, no statistically significant difference exists between response professional and layperson ascription of responsibility.
The next day, Moscow's mayor said that the protest on Tverskaya had been "a villainous and dangerous provocation" and called the police response "professional and appropriate".
The lack of improvement in household preparedness among response professional respondents may originate because public and professional participation in hazard management represent fundamentally different types of participation.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com