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(b) The EVs (black bars) for responses to the four example items under the expected response outcome alternative.
(a) Representative example of fMRI BOLD signal for PEs predicted by the memory strength (MS-PE) and expected response outcome (ERO-PE) alternatives.
The first alternative, which we term the expected response outcome (ERO) alternative, holds that the EV of a memory decision is directly related to the expected outcome of the full trial following a particular response.
The expected response outcome (ERO) and memory strength (MS) alternatives make distinct predictions about the relative magnitude of PEs elicited by positive feedback targeted to different confidence levels for each response type (cf. Fig. 1).
A response outcome computed using experimental data for the 10 nm nanoparticle size catalyst was 13% less than the maximum value.
This study was designed to determine response, outcome, and patterns of failure of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with a testicular mass.
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BACKGROUND: Recovery from low back pain (LBP) is multidimensional and requires the use of multiple-response (outcome) measures to fully reflect these many dimensions.
Thereafter, the field team will make eight attempts to arrange an interview before assigning a non-response outcome.
Many RL tasks involve learning simple response-outcome mappings for concrete stimuli, although these principles have been extended to more complex actions and policies16,17.
Stalnaker, T. A., Calhoon, G., Ogawa, M., Roesch, M. R. & Schoenbaum, G. Neural correlates of stimulus-response and response-outcome associations in dorsolateral versus dorsomedial striatum.
When the participants had completed the ILT, they were asked to fill in three questionnaires that tested their explicit knowledge about the stimulus-response, response-outcome and stimulus-outcome contingencies for each fruit pairing.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com