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Although a variety of discrete stereotyped response movements occur in plants, particularly in higher forms such as flowering plants, these autonomous movements usually occur too slowly to permit detection by casual observation.
PINV amplitudes (mean values and standard deviations) over the right and left ventrolateral prefrontal area for unilateral response movements with the right hand.
Group differences of the PINV amplitudes over the ventrolateral prefrontal areas between unmedicated ADHD patients and the control group (T1) are presented for left (Table 1) and right hand response movements (Table 2).
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This prevented subjects from preparing the response movement during the period when they were watching the actor's movements.
Irrespective of the side of the response movement, a higher right-sided negativity over ventrolateral prefrontal areas during PINV is obvious, although the lateralization of the activation is noticeably weaker when the response movement is given by the right thumb.
The overall MANOVA model (factors GROUP, SIDE of the response movement, HEMISPHERE, ELECTRODE and RUN) yielded an interaction between GROUP, SIDE of the response movement and ELECTRODE (F(2 34) = 6.0; p = 0.006.
For the unilateral response movement with the right hand, there were no significant group differences (cf. Tables 1 and 2).
PINV amplitudes (mean values and standard deviations) over the right and left ventrolateral prefrontal area (VLPFC) for unilateral response movement with the left hand.
Figure 1 shows the time course of the prefrontal PINV amplitudes separately for each hemisphere when the unilateral response movement is given with the left hand.
A repeated measurements ANOVA with the factors SIDE of the response movement and GROUP (ADHD versus healthy controls) revealed shorter reaction times for responses with the dominant right than with the left hand (F(1 35) = 5.9; p = 0.02).
In contrast, GROUP had no significant main effect on reaction times (F(1 35) = 0.3; p > 0.59) and did not interact with response movement side either (F(1 35) = 0.0; p > 0.90).
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