Fish and mammals appear to distinguish different MHC proteins by smell, so the birds may as well, the researchers argue today in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. As MHC proteins are involved in immune response, a diverse array of them from both parents might help offspring avoid a wider range of pathogens, the researchers speculate, which is more important than a big, pretty throat.
GPCRs signal in response to a diverse array of stimuli including light, hormones, and lipids, where these signals affect downstream cascades to impact both health and disease states.
Considering the myriad of repressors that utilize Gro to repress genes in response to a diverse array of signals, it is perhaps not surprising that Gro should employ multiple modes to repress transcription.
Previous studies with Saccharomyces cerevisiae have found that a common transcriptomic program is initiated in response to a diverse array of environmental challenges.
Although brain abscesses ensue in response to a diverse array of pathogens, streptococcal species and Staphylococcus aureus represent the most common aetiological agents of infection in humans.
Autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotic cells and occurs in response to a diverse array of conditions, including nutrient deprivation (Martinet et al. 2006; Mizushima and Klionsky 2007).
TRAF6 has been proved as a key adapter in regulating various signaling pathways of inflammatory response and a diverse array of physiological processes, including adaptive immunity, innate immunity and bone metabolism, as well as development of several tissues including lymph nodes, mammary glands, skin and central nervous system [ 17, 18].
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, which activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 in response to a diverse array of stresses such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium influx.
NO regulation and synthesis via activation of the Ca2+ dependent eNOS or nNOS isozymes can occur in response to a diverse array of agonists that signal through GPCRs, including the widely documented bradykinin and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors signalling pathways, in addition to TP [70,80].
Up-regulated features included seven genes involved in cell signaling responses to a diverse array of cellular perturbations such as heat stress and unfolded protein response, among them hsp47, hsp90, mapk13, junB (Table 2) and hsp70 (qPCR; Figure 1A).
Here, we find that activation of the osmotic stress response in C. elegans, either through physiological or genetic mechanisms, can mimic common transcriptional responses to a diverse array of infection models in C. elegans.
