Exact(2)
Non-response bias is always a concern with survey studies, since owners not responding may differ in some important way from the respondents.
Although the mechanism by which conditioned reinforcers come to guide responding may differ between the BLA and OFC (personal communication, G. Schoenbaum) DA would appear to be important in both structures.
Similar(58)
Those who chose to respond may differ in their opinions about the issues under study.
The descriptive statistics of those who responded may systematically differ from those that did not, (for example, were younger doctors more likely to respond?) Younger doctors' level of knowledge of the treatment of delirium may significantly differ when compared to their older counterparts that did not respond to the survey.
The response rate of 65% could have been higher and it is possible that those who chose to respond may have differed from the non-responders in important ways (for example, by being more motivated by a desire to record positive or negative views about the teaching experience).
Furthermore, habitual or goal-directed responding may have been induced by cues that differed in their correlation with the cocaine infusion.
However, patients responding to such advertisements may differ from patients not responding which leads to selection bias and hampers external validity.
Hence, the ability to respond to radiation may differ in U251MG and U343MG cells.
Although the response rate to the survey was relatively high, the 40% of invited patients who did not respond to the survey may differ systematically to those who did respond, for example, they may be older, or have more advanced disease.
Women who responded to this question may differ from non-responders, for instance in motivation to complete the questionnaire, or in literacy.
Yet just as people respond differently to frightening events, the cues that elicit traumatic memories may differ for different people exposed to the same events.
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