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However, these criteria overlook how respondents perceive and respond to items (Kaklamanou et al., 2013).
Cognitive interviews are frequently used in questionnaire development to determine whether respondents interpret and respond to items in the way the researchers intended [ 47].
Cognitive interviewing is a method used to elucidate whether respondents comprehend and respond to items in the way that researchers intend (Willis, 2005).
During the course of data collection it became apparent that not all respondents had the information to respond to items on hospital descriptors (e.g. number of patient beds).
Changes included three items being transferred between concepts, renaming of contextual concepts, additional guidance on how to respond to items, and layout changes to guide respondents to the appropriate follow-up items [ 17].
If the respondent had more than one child with ASD, they were asked to respond to items in reference to the oldest child.
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Respondents who are working (either full- or part-time) respond to item 6a, 7a, and 8, whereas respondents who are not working respond to items 6b, 7b, and 8.
This is due to the fact that there were more people in Spain (8.3%) that did not respond to item Q13, which asks about satisfaction with intimate relationships.
After respondents were informed of their scenario, they responded to items from the CUCEI.
All participants responded to items using a 5-point frequency scale.
They also responded to items that corresponded to the Leinwand et al. framework, as detailed below.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com