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Additionally, up to 40%% of patients will not meet the primary outcome measure and, in those who do respond, levels of disease activity can remain significant.
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Consequently, the highest possible student engagement level with visualization is constrained to Naps' "Responding" level.
Thus, the "Responding" level was hypothesized to lead to better learning outcome with visualization than the "Viewing" level.
In the "Responding" level, students not only watch but also interact with the visualization by responding to the visual cues presented like answering exercise or prediction questions.
Similar result was reported by Hansen et al. (2000) where instructional strategy used for the "Responding" level was interactive prediction and question-answering.
Jarc et al. (2000) found no difference in learning outcome (conceptual and procedural understanding) between "Responding" and "Viewing" where the "Responding" level was operationalized through automated prediction questions for a set of 11 algorithms.
It was varied between the "Responding" level, operationalized through prediction activity with PV (experimental group) and "Viewing" level, operationalized through watching the visualization with parallel instructor commentary (control group).
These students did better in procedural understanding in post-test when at the "Responding" level (viewing with oral prediction) or "Viewing" level compared to the "No viewing-No prediction" group.
Thus, the challenge for instructors in such classrooms is to design and implement a visualization integration plan that incorporates active learning strategy with visualization to operationalize the "Responding" level of engagement after accounting for the relevant moderating variables.
Subjects tend to respond at levels consistent with their mental state throughout the instrument.
In contrast, extinction responding for alcohol was similar in both the alcohol- and food-devalued groups, although both responded at levels below that of noncontingently injected controls.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com