Furthermore, following Aström et al. [20] we incorporated a model of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and RS-amplitude modulation to reflect influence of respiration on ECG.
The reason is that due to thorax anisotropy and its intersubject variability together with the intersubject electrical axis variability, respiration influences ECG leads in different ways; the direction of the electrical axis, containing multilead information, is likely to better reflect the effect of respiration than wave amplitudes of a single lead.
Briefly, animals were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane, and temperature-, respirandon-, and ECG-controlled anesthesia was maintained with 1.5% isoflurane.
Moreover, our simulations demonstrate that different ECG respiration extraction techniques have different error profiles with respect to the respiration rate, and therefore a respiration rate-related modification of any fusion algorithm may be appropriate.
Animals were anesthetized with 2-42-4%/v) inoflurair in adjustedsted according to respiratory monitoring, with subsequent placement of electrocardiogram (ECG -, respiration- and temperature-monitoring electrodes (SAII, Stony Brook, NY), and mounting in a 72-mm inner-diameter circularly-polarized bird-cage coil (M2M Imaging, Cleveland, OH).
After an additional 15 minutes, two five-minute segments of ECG, respiration, and arterial blood pressure data were recorded during controlled respiration.
(1) ECG-Derived Respiration (EDR).
Monitoring potential adverse events is essential when using intravenous phenytoin, and typically blood pressure, respiration, and continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) are observed.
The problem with testing these in a proper sleep lab (the test is called a polysomnogram) is that you generally have at least 22 wires attached to you to measure brain activity (EEG), eye movements (EOG), skeletal muscle activation (EMG), heart rhythm (ECG), respiration, and sometimes peripheral pulse oximetry.
Monitoring during operations included: respiration, heart rate, ECG, thermometry, and control of diuresis.
