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This construct is a circular bacterial DNA which contains genes coding for ampicillin and neomycin resistance, allowing selection in respective bacteria and after transfection in human cells.
Besides, as stated earlier, some other genes from Listeria spp. and Klebsiella spp. could also be important for imparting the virulence of the respective bacteria as isolated in our previous study (Noor et al. 2014; Nawaz et al. 2012).
Primers for universal bacterial (U968-GC: GC clamp AACGCGAAGAACCTTAC; L141-Cy5: Cy5-GCGTGTGTACAAGACCC) (Nubel et al. 1996; Randazzo et al. 2006) were used to amplify the V6 to V8 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA of the respective bacteria in ileum and colon.
BC is produced by the respective bacteria strains in response to specific environmental conditions.
Therefore, these compounds were considered to be suitable for identifying the respective bacteria in the setting of this study.
Indeed, subjecting the pupylation-characteristic enzymes to phylogenetic analysis (without including proteasomal subunits) reveals a clustering different from the common phylogenetic relationships of the respective bacteria.
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Differences in predictions of multiple copies of rDNA operons for each respective bacterium were evaluated by PCR and Sanger sequencing, and then the validated results were applied as an additional criterion to rank assemblies.
Response of either metal sensor or control bacteria was expressed as normalised luminescence (NL) calculated as in [ 63] according to the following formula: (1) where LB is the background luminescence (luminescence of bacteria without added heavy metal) and LS the metal-affected luminescence of the respective bacterium.
Gravid adult worms were bleached, and the eggs were hatched on plates containing respective RNAi bacteria.
All the measurements with sensor and respective control bacteria were performed as three independent experiments in duplicate.
In the present study each sample were normalized against the Cq value of their respective domain Bacteria B primer set.
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