However, precise measurements of recyclability, subjected to resource reclamation and environmental protection analysis, have not yet been well recognized.
Therefore, hybrid RED/ED system can realize triplex advantages of salinity energy usage, high-valued resource reclamation, and low-energy desalination in high-salinity wastewater treatment processes.
CMR is a complex planning tool that can enhance the value of land and water resources reclamation as demonstrated through multiple case studies included and referred to in this paper.
When deciding how to invest limited resources into reclamation, usually only the worst offenders can be targeted.
However, uncertainty still prevailed, as available guidance and information on return-relevant factors (e.g. schedule, support from government, available resources, land reclamation and re-allocation, security and civil administration) was conflicting and scarce.
Therefore, CMR are benefitial both to protecting and utilizing valuable topsoil resources, and reducing reclamation duration and abandoned time of disturbed land (Hu et al. 2013a) (Fig. 2).
This practice offers the possibility to conserve resources through the reclamation of structural components and the carbon embedded in them, as well as opportunities for the development of new business models and the creation of environmental, economic, technical and social value.
In this study, a lab-scale biological anaerobic/anaerobic/anoxic/membrane bioreactor (A3-MBR) was designed to treat wastewater from the ethanol fermentation of food waste, a promising way for the disposal of food waste and reclamation of resources.
But if the amount of the required bond was too small, or if the company was allowed to rely on a "self-bond," the regulator must find the resources to pay for reclamation from some other source - most likely the state's general budget.
The "Red Line" policy for arable land is not enough to meet government's grain security target in 2030; moreover, land resources for the purpose of reclamation is limited.
This study presents an approach for generating transient groundwater model inputs to assess the long-term impacts of dryland agricultural land reclamation on groundwater resources in a highly data-sparse context.
