That may help explain why the response to Ms. De Peña's plight depended on the World Trade Center disaster, though her need would be the same if her husband had been killed in a car accident, said Penny Schwartz, director of REAP, short for the Resource, Entitlement and Advocacy Program.
Many of the opportunities for basic social and health improvements are lost because of limited attention to gender biases in power, resources, entitlements, norms, and values, thereby reducing the potential for women worldwide to achieve the best possible level of health.
Learning from social movements currently leading the transparency and accountability struggles in India, it calls for an instituting and recognition of accountability as new cultural resource and entitlement.
However, gender discrimination in MENA is typically codified in law, frequently in discriminatory family laws or civil codes, restrictions on resources and entitlements, son biases and restricted civil liberties.
The papers that touched on ethnicity and minority-based structural violence noted that minority women lacked knowledge of laws existing to support them from abuse, availability of resources, and their entitlements to services [ 24].
In the context of IAM, users are the company's employees and items represent achievable resources (e.g. entitlements or files).
Other alternative models might better explain livelihood landscape patterns (e.g. kinship networks, tenure arrangements, entitlements to resources, and incomplete markets for land, labor, or credit; [4], [37] [39]).
Inequality is bound to grow when the guiding principle for sharing out resources shifts from entitlement to competition.
Each hedges the options of the other: the Treasury refuses to allocate significant resources to expanding social care entitlements while the political parties move crab-like around the territory of taxation options that might satisfy Treasury officials.
Davis (2002) argues that in the case of El Niño famine was triggered by drought, but was caused by the way political and economic colonization deprived people of their entitlements to natural resources.
