Previous work has demonstrated that a differentiation-defective subclone of the U937 cell line, termed TUR (TPA-U937-resistant), fails to express significant levels of CD11b after TPA treatment [ 10].
If efforts to curb antimicrobial resistance fail, the number of people who die each year from drug-resistant infections could increase to 10 million by 2050.
The 20-day treatment induced cure in 57.1% of Y strain infections (partially drug resistant) but failed to cure Colombian strain infections (full drug resistant), while the 40-day treatment resulted in cure of 100% of Y and 50% of Colombian strain infected mice.
Surprisingly, drug resistant clones failed to manifest such drastic changes in PL profiles, demonstrating that the molecular basis of miltefosine resistance lays in distinct biological processes not related to lipid biosynthesis.
However, separation of the expression units of the transgene and the drug-resistant genes failed to ensure the transgene expression in the drug-resistant cells and it was required to screen a large number of drug-resistant clones to obtain the stable transfectants with ideal expression levels.
The occurrence of these phenotypes was dependent upon intact EPIYA motifs, as phosphorylation-resistant mutants failed to develop disease in the same experimental settings [ 146].
Surprisingly, BFA-resistant GNOM failed to initiate lateral root primordia in BFA-treated big3 mutant in spite of stimulation by NAA, in contrast to seedlings that expressed both BIG3 and BFA-resistant GNOM.
Interestingly, the Sb2000.1-, MF200.5- or AMB1000.1-resistant mutants failed to produce ROS when challenged with the drug used for their selection, and there was also a significant lack of ROS production in these mutants upon challenge with any of the ROS-inducing drugs.
In such cases, most obese patients are leptin resistant and fail to respond effectively to exogenous leptin [8].
Moreover, while pulmonary mDCs from resistant mice fail to induce AHR, transfer of bone marrow-derived mDCs pulsed with HDM in vitro induces robust AHR, demonstrating that DCs from different compartments possess different functional characteristics.
