However, all models of antibiotic resistance include competition between antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant strains.
Merging the two would not immediately stop the price wars in telecoms, but by bringing together complementary rather than competing businesses might well encounter less resistance from competition authorities and result in fewer firings.
The management of plant diseases with C. rosea involves several mechanisms such as mycoparasitism, antagonist action, induced resistance, and competition, which enhance the performance of the biocontrol fungus (Mouekouba et al. 2014; Zhang et al. 2008).
To estimate the costs of antibiotic resistance, the competition environment should be antibiotic-free and is typically a standard laboratory medium such as Lysogeny Broth (LB).
Both modes occur in models containing acquisition of resistance and competition, and a small change in parameters can shift models from one mode to the other.
Various mechanisms, however, have been described, including antibiosis, production of lytic enzymes, parasitism, induction of host resistance, and competition for limiting nutrients and space [ 2, 8- 10].
On the other hand, the mechanisms of biological control by which rhizobacteria can promote plant growth indirectly, by reducing the level of disease, include antibiosis, induction of systemic resistance and competition for nutrients and niches [ 8].
The Randle hypothesis predicts that fat-induced insulin resistance involves competition between fatty acids and glucose in uptake by the inhibition by phosphofructokinase to increase G6P levels (33), but phosphate NMR measurement of G6P (34) and carbon NMR to measure glucose shows that fatty acids directly inhibit skeletal muscle GLUT4 (35).
Haqqani faces, I believe, some, if not resistance, suspicion and competition in that part of the world.
