Even in areas in which the removal is not complete (the partial residues areas), the sulphur content is significantly reduced to approximately 4 times less respect to the not cleaned reference area.Polished cross-sections observation reveals a good and homogeneous cleaning result (Figure 11C, D).
This finding suggested that the C122 area was likely to undergo greater structural changes compared with the C164 residue area.
X-ray crystallography data were also consistent with the NMR observation, in which most of the changes in chemical shift took place in the residues close to C122, and this area was likely to undergo greater structural change than in the C164 residue area (Fig. 3B).
However, the residue area of the defect with mechanical stimulation was 0.76 mm, smaller than that in control (1.48 mm).
This conclusion is based on the results of the ribosome structure analysis using the per-residue surface area versus the per-residue interface area plot.
Furthermore, it was also pointed out that because the maxima of per-residue surface and interface areas for stable monomers lie around 80 Å, the line connecting these two extreme values in the per-residue surface area versus the per-residue interface area plot represents a natural boundary separating ordered and disordered proteins forming three-state and two-state complexes, respectively.
Figure 1D represents the per-residue surface area versus the per-residue interface area plot based on the analysis of the eukaryotic ribosome crystal structure, and clearly shows that almost all of the ribosomal proteins are expected to be disordered in their unbound form, being located above the order disorder boundary.
For the structural-based features, we adapted an already existing implementation of Naccess (Hubbard and Thornton, 1993) and DSSP (Kabsch and Sander, 1983) to calculate exposed residue surface area and for assigning secondary structure, respectively.
Worldwide bauxite residue disposal areas contain an estimated 2.7 billion tonnes of bauxite residue, increasing by ~ 120 million tpa.
ASA is calculated as follows: The residue surface accessible area for each amino acid residue (R) in a hypothetical Gly-R-Gly tripeptide was indexed to data obtained by Chothia [ 79].
The obtained results confirm that the amount of residues per surface area increases when a pipe includes bends and valves.
