Information collected in the structured questionnaire included age, gender, area of residence, stroke status, number of family members, total monthly income of family, educational attainment, occupation, diabetic status, smoking status, alcohol drinking, and physical activity.
We performed a stepwise logistic regression analysis with residence, pre-stroke depression, confidence in disease treatment, diabetes, NIHSS score, post-stroke depression, TCQS identified as significant predictor variables (Table 3).
a Of 18 respondents the place of residence before stroke could not be retrieved.
The most important cost determinant seems to be the place of residence before stroke: living single results in substantially higher costs, because the probability of being admitted to a nursing home is elevated substantially, even with limited disabilities.
As conducted for the parent REGARDS cohort, geographical region consisted of participant's residence in the stroke 'buckle,' stroke 'belt' and elsewhere.
As lord warden of the Cinque Ports, he died at Walmer Castle, his favourite residence, from a stroke in 1852.
The place of residence of the stroke patients (living at their own home or a residential care home) at 1 year after baseline was indicated by the residential address of the patients.
m(X) means time-average of time-variant explanatory variable (X) Age, educational attainment, marital status, residence, having cancer, cerebral stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and friends were included as covariates Standard errors in parentheses.
Notes: a/Odds ratios computed from logistic regressions that control for sex, age, income, schooling, region of residence, health insurance, history of stroke, history of heart attack, smoking, obesity, and years since diagnosis of DM.
The variables were socio-demographic (age, gender and residence) and clinical (activation of stroke protocol, time to neurological care, aetiology, recurrence, presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), thrombolytic therapy and death during the follow-up period) in nature.
For patients that survive the acute phase, disability after stroke and place of residence before stroke – people living single most likely do not to have a partner and therefore no informal caregivers – are important determinants of costs as these factors have great influence on patients' stroke careers.
