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Often in epidemiological research, odds ratios (OR) or hazard ratios (HR) derived from logistic regression model or Cox proportional hazard model can be used as relative risks (RR) [ 29, 30].
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In fact, despite years of clinical research, the odds of achieving complete response, and hence major survival benefit, for patients with MBC remain extremely low.
Even for the pioneers of antibiotic research, the forbidding odds were apparent.
The play, by Shirley Lauro, brings out the determination of a woman pursuing research against long odds.
Here, for example, are the research world's odds on close spacing as summed up in a recent review by the psychiatrist Dr Raj Persaud.
In an interview, Russell Wermers, a finance professor at the Smith School of the University of Maryland, said he has found from years of research that the odds of outperforming the market are very low, even for sophisticated professional money managers using the most advanced techniques.
But CDF's Lewis, who helped supervise the research, says the odds of what they saw being random fluctuations are about one in a million.
Conventional agriculture is united and organized; they have multiple check-off programs to fund science and research usually at odds with organic production.
Epidemiological research indicates that odds of successfully quitting may be even lower for individuals with MHCs [ 1, 12].
In cross-sectional research, a prevalence odds ratio should not be seen as a valid measure of relative risk and should only be used to measure the strength of association.
Although our research identified lower odds of testing among some YMSM at increased risk of infection, in contrast, there was also evidence of good sexual health practices with young men taking additional precaution.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com