Thus, not only can K a / K s detect drug resistance mutations in a single dataset (with no requirement for a reference dataset of untreated samples), it can do so even when the primary dataset is contaminated with a large fraction of untreated samples, or samples with different treatments.
Digital transcriptomics has received a great deal of attention, but the use of these methods has been restricted in many species by the requirement of having a reference genome to evaluate and analyse the data.
A notable difference between ASC and the T-history methods is the requirement of a known reference material in the latter.
For larger networks, the requirement of a single reference clock is somewhat restrictive, since when it fails the whole network fails.
In particular, the main goal is to identify services required in such framework to define the requirements and features of a reference architecture to support the data-driven methods for energy efficiency monitoring or load prediction.
Teachers can use this time requirement as a reference when designing their out-of-class learning activities of flipped classrooms.
Diane L. Houk, a lawyer representing the Fair Housing Justice Center, and also its former executive director, said the requirement of three reference letters from existing owners "sounds neutral at first, but has a discriminatory impact on nonwhites".
To examine possible differences in neural basis between ToM and the self, we used a task that required participants to guess at the mental state of an imaginary person featured in a short sentence written from the 1st person perspective, without the requirement of self reference.
Smith and Co. may indeed have created a passable sequel to "Skyfall," but they cheated, skipping the most important and difficult requirement of the project: a reference to the Bond movie's title, "Spectre," is nowhere to be found in the song's lyrics.
