The immediate following process is the deposition of barrier layer to prevent the diffusion of Cu atoms from Cu TSV during annealing processes that require temperature at 400 °C.
In the absence of any ice nuclei, the freezing of supercooled water droplets of a few micrometres in radius, in a process called homogeneous ice nucleation, requires temperatures at or lower than −39 °C (−38 °F).
The hotplate was prestabilized at the required temperature before the sample was placed on it.
This was also prestabilized at the required temperature before the sample was transferred in it.
(1) Co-current pretreatment, in which both the slurry of biomass and the water is heated to the required temperature and held at the pretreatment conditions for controlled residence time before being cooled.
Many veterans of the city's food wars find that the most intractable, agita-provoking problems are not such egregious violations as rodents, insects and filth, but subtler matters like handling food properly, or keeping and serving it at the required temperature.
At the beginning of each experimental run, 50 ml of phenol solution was mixed with the adsorbent in a conical flask and the flasks were agitated on a shaking water bath at the required temperature.
Because, you know, at the end he's very, very tired and he wants to get off as quickly as possible (C2) Taking a different focus on comfort, P8 dialyses on her verandah, even though that requires her to have a patio heater to keep the dialysate at the required temperature.
For starters, you'll need containers to keep your food and beverages safe and at their required temperature.
If the ions collide with enough force, they fuse, converting some of their mass into energy, but this requires temperatures of at least 100 million degrees Celsius with conventional fuel, hot enough to melt any container.
