Effects of metabolic disruptors will likely be dependent on the dose and route of exposure and may exhibit non-monotonic dose responses; this will require dose response studies and a pharmacokinetic approach.
Risk assessment requires dose-response data for the evaluation of the relationship between exposure to an environmental stressor and the probability of developing an adverse health effect.
Methods used to test whether no-interaction can be assumed usually require dose-response-algorithms, which are not available for many substance-endpoint combinations.
could lead to lower required doses.
Efavirenz and etravirine will lead to decreased levels of ator-vastatin and simvastatin, often requiring dose titration upward for lipid responses.
Use of the Guallar et al. (2002) dose response required conversion of toenail mercury biomonitoring data to hair mercury.
Curve-fitting analyses, by which higher dose data determine lower dose risk estimates, require simple dose-response models if the estimates are to be statistically stable.
The Task Force accepted the risk management paradigm as formulated by the European Union, which requires a dose-response relationship together with exposure data to characterize the health risk of a specific chemical hazard to subsequently decide whether the risk is such that management is required.
A large prospective cohort study that also investigated severe OA requiring KR reported a dose response relationship between increasing levels of physical activity at leisure and KR.
In this study, the dose response was required to behave in a close-to linear manner to be considered valid, such that only when the dose response of a strain could be fitted to a straight line (R>0.7) were the data included.
Model systems should be required to: exhibit a fluoride dose response (0, 250, 550, 1100 ppm F); run internal controls for all tests (0, 250, gold standard); have sample size sufficient to achieve statistical power for demonstrating equivalence; and use defined statistical methodology to establish equivalency ("as good as") with an appropriate clinical gold standard.
