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In summary, these observations support the hypothesis that voicing maintenance is a major but not a required cue for stop voicing perception in EP, indicating that there are strong interactions between the three observed acoustic cues.
Cooperation based on genetic recognition cues is paradoxical because it disproportionately benefits individuals with common phenotypes, which should erode the required cue polymorphism.
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Most common, however, is the application of cue-based methods (i.e. detecting and counting sounds made by the animals), hence requiring cue rates to turn estimates of cue density into animal density (e.g. Marques et al., 2009).
It's a maritime epic that requires cued crowd screaming, the sort of fevered audience participation more commonly associated with the panto, and is a fitting shanty climax.
Recognizing kin requires cues reflecting genetic relatedness or cues encoding individual identity that are linked to relatedness.
Prey that rely on more specific cues or that require both cue A and cue B to elicit an antipredator response (see Fig. 2D) should be more vulnerable to being 'trapped' into not responding to an exotic predator.
After 6 s of the Preview phase, subjects were given an auditory cue (0.5 s), either 'Grasp' or 'Touch', informing them of the upcoming movement required; this cue marked the onset of the Plan phase.
For example, although some have argued that a sufficiently long time interval is required between cue and target in order to generate an expectation about upcoming conflict (Correa et al., 2009; Monsell, 2003), others have shown that varying the cue target interval does not modulate the cueing effect (Wühr & Kunde, 2008).
For the few rats that required re-cue, one or two re-cues were sufficient to elicit a response.
Thus, over time, a trait that was previously induced via an environmental cue no longer requires the cue to be expressed (i.e. constitutive expression; Pigliucci et al. 2006).
The architecture of ECM molecules possesses the required physical cues that trigger the optimum cellular behaviors [ 3– 5].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com