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Unlike the usual case, this violation does not require proving a breach of a fiduciary duty, only that the person knew the information was confidential.
Prosecutors have said these cases are difficult to bring because they require proving an intent to defraud beyond a reasonable doubt.
Instead, it filed a narrower case that accuses Ms. O'Brien of violating a rule regarding the segregation of customer money, which will not require proving any fraudulent intent.
This provision does not require proving a statement was false, but only that the person sought to make it more difficult for Congress to conduct its business.
The Supreme Court could decide the case by simply reiterating its position in the decision on the Dirks case about gifts between family members, which would not require proving anything of monetary value passed between the tipper and tippee.
In the case involving Mr. DeCinces, the Justice Department may be able to use a different provision to pursue criminal charges that does not require proving a quid pro quo arrangement.
Similar(41)
The need to identify best practices and programs, and to require proven outcome data or "metrics" so that investments made in innovative care will be effective and efficient.
Ensuring adherence to a 2 month, once weekly regimen will require proven interventions at the delivery level.
Securing the first-degree murder conviction they were seeking would have required proving that Rankin acted with premeditation.
But halting the divorce required proving that he was incompetent in court — shaming him into accepting my care.
Joining requires proving that there are enough interested adults in each school community to make the program work.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com