Due to the low refractive index contrast between the PDMS and the phosphate buffer that fills the hollow prism, the reflectivity at this interface is very low, requiring long integration times.
Theoretical and empirical evidence suggest that such changes in morphological integration – which necessarily involve changes in patterns of genetic covariance among traits – would require long time scales (e.g., millions of generations [ 7, 11, 65]; but see [ 66]).
They also require long horizons.
Importantly, incentives must be designed based on the specific needs of the health system, and require long-term political commitment, integration of efforts between public and private sectors (including national governments and NGOs), and monitoring and evaluation systems to determine impact (29).
Considerable progress has been made, however, it is recognized that the full integration of quality management will require long-term commitment in developing methods, instruments and communication procedures.
For an average developer, integration should take an hour or two, and shouldn't require long-term maintenance within the application itself.
It was clear that the cloaked silicon nanorod scattered much less because the interference fringes were weak and required a long integration time and high gain to obtain reliable data whereas the reference nanorod showed a strong interference pattern.
Achieving a sustainable city requires long-term visions, integration and a system-oriented approach to addressing economic, environmental and social issues.
This is conceptually simple, and many accurate integration algorithms exist, but it has several disadvantages: There may be a long transient before a steady state is reached, requiring long time simulations.
This sometimes requires long-term intravenous nutrition.
