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This boundary value of the RMS is a more realistically achievable criterion over a 6 mm pupil, compared to the Maréchal criterion (0.8 Strehl), which would require a value of the RMS wavefront error below λ/14.
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Example: to achieve a BER of 1.3×10−2, the asynchronous nonlinear system requires a value of SNR equal to 24 dB (When SNR η =12 dB) while the asynchronous system without HPA nonlinearities requires only 19 dB of SNR, which means a loss of 5 dB in the transmitted signal power for the former.
The probability of population replacement is most sensitive to RLV, which requires a value of greater than 0.95 before population replacement can occur.
Low-coverage genes were filtered out by requiring a value of at least 50 for the mean of normalized reads between the two samples being compared.
Relatedness estimates which required a value of K used the random alleles calculation, K = 1/2 k where k is the sequencing depth for the observation.
In all cases, the appropriate deletion bias (b) is estimated using linear regression results from the relevant dataset: for example, a simulation with initial connectivity, c i = 0.3 (Supp. Figure 1 in Additional file 1, left) requires a value of b ≃ 0.43 to attain D = 0 (i.e. c f = 0.3).
Calculation of the concentration of F-actin requires a value for the thickness of the lamellipodium.
The 'xref: value-type' entry allows stating that terms require a value, in this case of type float.
Applying this credit requires a value for the GHG intensity of soy oil biodiesel.
On the other hand, LMS-based MMSE multiuser detector would require a different value of for each in order to provide satisfactory BER performances.
M-ratio tests require a prior value of θ (4 × effective population size × mutation rate); thus, we performed M-ratio tests for θ values ranging from 0.01 to 100.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com