To melt carbon requires a temperature of around 4,000°C.
For example, ferrites can be prepared via the hydrothermal route at a temperature of ~150°C, whereas the solid state method requires a temperature of 800°C [10].
The production of metallic zinc is problematic since zinc evaporates at 950°C while it requires a temperature of around 1000°C to be reduced from zinc ores.
The small organic molecules he was synthesizing in order to model an enzymatic reaction required a temperature of 200°C for activity, whereas the enzyme itself functioned at room temperature.
The influence of activation temperature has been investigated for 4.5LiCa catalyst, requiring a temperature of activation above the melting point of LiNO3 (492 K) to observe any catalytic activity.
The application of model-free Vyazovkin kinetics showed that to obtain 95% polypropilene degradation on ZSM-12 in 60 min required a temperature of 328 °C.
Since the deposition of amorphous silicon (a-Si) requires a temperature of 200 250 °C in the vacuum chamber, the cleaning process has to match with these conditions, creating especially limitations on the maximum plasma power that can be used.
While electrodeposition of ZnO is normally carried out below 90°C, with a deposition time less than 2 h and in simple aqueous salt solutions [13], the hydrothermal method, for example, often requires a temperature of 60 200°C, a deposition time of 1 h to a few days [31, 36], and less environment-friendly chemicals such as methenamine or diethylenetriamine [30, 31, 36].
This process requires a temperature of about 15 million K, which is higher than the core temperature of the Sun, but is less efficient than the Sun's proton-proton chain reaction fusion reaction.
