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Of the 14 residues that comprise the D channel, all but one are completely conserved outside of squamate reptiles (Table S5).
We particularly focus on the most highly upregulated and downregulated genes identified by the MARS analysis and genes that have been assessed previously in squamate reptiles (table 4).
That study reported a higher turnover of carbon and nitrogen (t1/2 = 142 d and 277 d, respectively) in RBCs than we found or than is the general trend in reptiles (Table 2).
Basal metabolic rates for amphibians (Table S3a) and reptiles (Table S3b) were modified from references [ 37, 42 ]; for fishes (Table S3c) from references [ 37, 42, 44 ]; for birds (Table S3d) [ 37, 42 ]; and for mamals [ 43 ] (which is Additional file 1 : Table S1 in this reference, and data is not listed here).
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In total, we obtained exon data for 65 mammal species, including 42 bats (from 10 families) and 18 cetaceans (from two families), two birds and one reptile (table S1).
This transcriptome-based data set includes 30 species of which 20 reptiles (supplementary table S2, Supplementary Material online).
After combining with archived sequences, including those obtained from genomic BAC libraries, our analyses of complete FoxP2 gene sequences were based on 13 bats, 22 additional (non-bat) eutherian mammals, 1 non-eutherian mammal (platypus), two birds and one reptile (see table S1).
We found 72 estimates recorded in 30 studies that estimated climate-related trait variation in 50 amphibian species and 29 estimates recorded in 24 studies conducted on 18 reptile species (Table 1).
In view of the most abundant LINEs in the reptiles (Supplementary information, Table S5), we further examined the relationship between the SD and LINE distributions and found a significant positive correlation (r = 0.89; P = 0.001), suggesting that the SD events might be triggered by LINEs, which has also been demonstrated in mammals.
No orthologues of collagen XXIII were identified in the available amphibian species, whereas orthologues to each of collagens XIII, XXIII and XXV were identified in species of reptiles, birds or mammals (Table 1).
Samples were obtained from routine diagnostic at IDEXX Vet Med Lab (n = 22; Group A; Table 1), from reptiles housed at the Rescue Reptile Centre Munich (n = 18; Group B; Table 2), and from animals taken directly at their owners' homes in Switzerland (n = 19; Group C; Table 3).
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