Because plasma testosterone levels are typically positively correlated with both aggression and reproduction, aggression is expected to be higher when males are in reproductive condition.
Several studies have attempted to explore inter-individual differences on phenomena such as reproductive skew, aggression and dominance, but these have mainly considered group-level effects.
However, when a queen is removed, a rank order for reproduction appears, where top ranking reproductives display aggression towards lower-order female workers.
We recorded data on 4 behaviors associated with mating and reproductive success: female aggression, male aggression, nursing (in females), and patrolling (in territorial males; see Table S4 for definitions).
It is thought to be a signal of reproductive arousal or aggression, similar to the "zebra display" behaviour of Sepioteuthis sepioidea, the "intense zebra display" behaviour of Sepia officinalis, and the "lateral display" of Loligo plei.
Phenotypic values for male reproductive fitness, male aggression, lifespan, and ethanol tolerance were also reported for a smaller set of 40 DGRP lines (Ayroles et al. 2009).
Comparative studies of the genomic mechanisms mediating reproductive dominance through aggression or chemical signaling can determine if these modes of communication share common genetic underpinnings.
The most common behavioral effects associated with anabolic androgenic steroid use are changes in anxiety, aggression and reproductive behaviors, including the onset of puberty and sexual receptivity.
In studies of these ants, workers did actually display worker policing, as evidenced by increased aggression towards reproductive workers.
This study examined the effect of group-size on aggression and reproductive competition among B. terrestris queenless workers.
